Thursday, March 11, 2021

Matthew 5:3-12. The Beatitudes

Matthew 5:3-12
3   How wonderful for the poor in spirit. Theirs is heaven's kingdom!
4   How wonderful for those who mourn. Comfort is on the way!
5   How wonderful for the meek. They will inherit the earth!
6   How wonderful for those who hunger and thirst for righteousness. They will be filled!
7   How wonderful for the merciful. They will receive mercy!
8   How wonderful for the pure-hearted. They will see God!
9   How wonderful for the peacemakers! They will be called God's children!
10 How wonderful for those who are persecuted for the sake of righteousness. Theirs is heaven's kingdom!
11 How wonderful for you when, on account of me, people revile you, persecute you and falsely say all kinds of evil about you.
12 Rejoice and be extremely happy! Your heavenly reward is great. This is how the prophets were treated.
These opening words of the Sermon, I suggest, are promises [BT.1] to the meek, especially those who suffer for doing God's will. What is coming is well worth the trouble and the wait! Jesus is assuring us that those who turn away from old ways and begin acting in a manner fit for a true worshiper of God will be very satisfied. But let us not hold the conceit that we can work our way into  God's  favor.  Jesus is talking  about the "be-attitude" [BT.2*] we should have. He has come to obtain followers who will become good servants after receiving a mind/spirit makeover.

Consider Paul. He did not fit the mold for any of those promises. In fact, after his conversion he looked back on his old self as having been the worst of sinners. Yet after Jesus' stunning intervention, Paul became a worshiper of God in spirit and in truth. We can tell from the humble spirit and content of Paul's letters that, after his conversion, he personally dovetailed very well with all the beatitudes. Or take the case of Peter. He may not have been as sin-sick as was Paul (though, who knows?). But at one point he urged Jesus to part from him because he felt his sin so deeply in the Lord's presence (Luke 5:8).

Matthew 5:3
How wonderful for the poor [BT.3*] in spirit, for theirs is heaven's kingdom!
Being poor in spirit is the necessary condition for entry into heaven's kingdom! In order to receive Jesus as your Lord and Savior, you must humble yourself before God. Fortunate are you when you do so, rather than carrying on as a routine frightened, though prideful person.

Matthew's writer tends to underscore an important point: simply being poor in material goods is surely not the only condition for entry into God's kingdom. (But even so a disciple's poverty could very well bespeak an attitude of humble reliance on God.)

The main purpose of the sayings in the Sermon is not, as many have assumed, to create a legal code to which one must adhere or face hellfire. They already face hellfire – though God is the final judge – and there is no human means of escape. I strongly suggest that a main purpose many of the Sermon's sayings is to prod people to realize that they have sinned, no matter how "good" they think they are, so that they may become eager to receive God's salvation.

In that case, also holding true is that those who acknowledge how poor they are spiritually, that their "righteousness" is nothing but filthy rags in God's sight (Isaiah 64:6), are in a position (contrite and self-abasing) to receive God's salvation, to receive God's kingdom.

In the words of James Montgomery Boice,
you might say that being poor in spirit is to be spiritually bankrupt before God. It is the mental state of a man who has recognized something of the righteousness and holiness of God, who has seen into the sin and corruption of his own heart, and has acknowledged his inability to please God. Such a person is poor in spirit. It is to such a person, Jesus said, that the kingdom of heaven belongs. Seen in this way, the first of the eight Beatitudes is one of the strongest statements in the Bible of the great doctrine of justification [being made right] by faith in Jesus Christ alone [BT.nh1]
Matthew 5:4
How wonderful for those who mourn! Comfort is on the way!
Are you suffering? Comfort is on the way, right now! Death, pain and suffering were then, as now, conditions that so often drain life of joy. Jesus overcame death, so that those who trust him gain eternal life. Even in this life, they are to count their troubles as joy (James 1:2-3 and Matthew 5:10-12). Those who are in despair, who see their lives as worthless and hopeless, are about to get a new deal! Throw yourself on the mercy of Jesus and you will be comforted! Once you do this, and mean it, Jesus sends you the Comforter, the Holy Spirit, to refresh you and revitalize you, to make you a new, and fundamentally happy, person – regardless of afflictions that are very likely to come.

Salvation comes to reverse the agony that entered the human world with the Fall. We mourn, or feel depressed, because we are very locked in to this old world – in fact, trapped.  But the eternal life made possible by Jesus' sacrifice makes our current misery of little account – if we avail ourselves of him.

Matthew 5:5
How wonderful for the meek! They will inherit the earth.
God turns everything upside down! The lowly own everything in sight. That is, the born-again person, as a son of God, shares ownership of the universe with God. The grace of God never runs out. God always provides. The believer is one of God's princes, even though he is to be the servant of all.

One might interpret this promise as a forecast the of the Millennium, the reign of Christ on earth, when there will be heaven on earth. Those who are meek enough to see their need of Jesus and receive his word will be those chosen to stay on earth until the end of time.

One commentator says the Greek word translated "meek" implies "gentle but strong." Such a description well suits the true follower of Jesus, who is to be "meek and lowly" (Matthew 11:29) but who is nevertheless "more than a conqueror" (Romans 8:37), who can do "all things through Christ who strengthens" him (Philippians 4:13).

We may infer from this assurance that a Messianic Millennium (=heaven on earth) is in store. But even before that great event, once a person has meekly asked Jesus to save him, or has asked the Father for salvation in the name of Jesus, he receives the Holy Spirit and becomes a son of God, not in theory but in truth. As a son, he or she is given the keys to the kingdom – though, as a beginner, he has much to learn about use of the keys. Wherever he sets his foot, he owns that ground (Genesis 13:4; Joshua 1:3) – because God owns it. Further, wherever he goes, God's mercy and grace go with him – so that all his spiritual and material needs will be met (as we will hear in other Sermon teachings).

In other words, those who are meek enough to receive Christ become sons of God and thus share in all God's possessions, including "the land," meaning the Promised Land of God's kingdom, wherever that might be. (There is little if any distinction between the words "land" and "earth" in the gospels.)

(See Psalm 97, verses 9,11,29. [BT.GB1] )

Matthew 5:6
How wonderful for those who hunger and thirst for righteousness. They will be filled!
People who are yearning for a state of affairs in which right prevails over wrong can have their dream come true! Ask Jesus into your heart and an interior revolution occurs and will keep occurring. You will receive the Holy Spirit into your being along with Jesus and the Father. So, though you have no power from your old self, you now have power from God to imitate the ways of Jesus – and like it!

Once you have been made right with God by being washed in the blood of Lamb, that state of affairs IS righteousness to the nth degree, as far as you are concerned.

No one can be righteous on her own account. The burden of sin is too great (Romans 3:23, Psalms 53:3). Yet those who place their trust in Jesus are accepted by the Father on Jesus' account. Jesus wraps them in his robe of righteousness so that they may commune with God as friends. "Any friend of Jesus is a friend of mine," says God. That robe is like the "wedding garment" spoken of in Matthew 22:1-14.

Once a person has thrown in her lot with Jesus, she receives the Holy Spirit, giving her the rights of a son of God. The goodness of God indwells her, and she will be on her way to acting in spirit and in truth to do the works of righteousness (actions that God sees as worthy).

Matthew 5:7
How wonderful for the merciful. They will receive mercy!
You can't enter God's kingdom if you are so full of pride that you lack a merciful attitude toward others. In other words, if you are to become reborn in a new spirit, then you must fall on your knees and truly admit to God what a rotten shame you've made of your life. But, if you hold on to a major grudge against someone, are you not being rather haughty? "Too good" to forgive? But if you show those who have wronged you mercy, then you can be welcomed into God's personal family!

Mercy does not come easily to one whose mind is absorbed with self or is racked by a desire for revenge. Recall all the people who strode by the injured robbery victim. Only the heart of the despised Samaritan was filled with mercy for the man. The others were too busy – driven by needs of self.

And those who thirst for revenge are, at root, being driven by "the flesh" (the corrupt natural mind), which asserts its need to be boss and which fears and loathes humiliation (Luke 10:25-37). Such attitudes may make some sense out in a Darwinist jungle somewhere (though I doubt that), but they are the hallmarks of the lost, whose minds cannot operate well because of the rampant sin-sickness that so afflicts the world.

Consider the author of "Amazing Grace," John Newman. He was a cruel 18th Century slave-trader. Those slaves got little mercy from him. Yet, when Jesus got hold of his heart, Newman repented and became a man of mercy, who vigorously fought the slave trade.

I doubt that Matthew 5:7 should be read to mean that nice people will go to heaven. This verse brings to mind these related ideas:
¶ All those kindly people of ancient Judea who had despaired of anything much for themselves were in for a surprise! God's kingdom was at hand for them. The Millennium, so to speak, was dawning.
¶ Once a person is born again, his heart becomes merciful. And whenever he misses the mark in that respect, God lets him know.   He has already received mercy, and he   will receive   unlimited mercy as he goes along. Jesus daily "washes his feet" in order   to take away  the sin that  occurs during his walk through this world (John 13:1–17). When he is in need, he receives mercy as his needs are met.

Matthew 5:8
8 How wonderful for the pure-hearted. They will see God!
Those with an impure heart can't look God in the eye. When an unclean spirit sees god, it dies. But when Jesus and the Father come in to sup with the repentant person, the spiritual heart is made brand new. God sees that believer's heart as pure because the person has been justified (made right) by faith in Jesus.

As the psalmist said, "a broken and a contrite heart, O God, thou wilt not despise" (Psalms 51:17).

The first step to "seeing" God is to cast aside self, which occurs when one realizes the depth of one's degraded state.

Generally, unregenerate man cannot see God. Recall the Israelites requiring Moses to veil his face because the brilliant shekinah light radiating from his face was unbearable. That much direct connection to God was more than they could tolerate. People who saw God would die, according to Israelite beliefs. [BT.7*]

Consider the fact that the unregenerate, fallen person has an unclean spirit – which is to say, her own spirit. If that unclean spirit were to look God in the eye, it would die (what happens to the unsaved on Judgment Day). In fact, Adam's disobedience made him unclean and he died immediately, as did his wife Eve. Earthly descendants of Adam, being influenced by this fallen world, grow up askew – even when parents have very good intentions – and find that sin has a hold on them.

The spirits of the fallen are dead. They are prohibited from direct contact with God, who does not look upon sin. Thus, the angels with the flaming swords bar the way back to the garden of Eden. There is only one ticket to paradise: to receive Jesus as a personal rescuer. He has paid for your spirit and soul by his enormous sacrifice so that you can be declared "clean" in God's eyes. You become transformed by the renewing of your mind and being, as Jesus, the Father and the Holy Spirit come in to sup with you. You are no longer dead, but alive with a transformed spirit, able to worship God in spirit and in truth. You have been born again, this time of the spirit.

Once a person has been reborn in spirit, he is able to "see God" without perishing. Consider Thomas, who was gently chided by the risen Jesus, for his inability to perceive that "the Father" was standing right there looking at him in the person of Jesus the son (John 20:24-29).

Once Thomas had received the Spirit (if he hadn't yet, he soon would), he not only could "see God," he could do so forever. There was no need for spiritual death. That would be impossible once Jesus had chosen him. True, the son of perdition – a strange soul not truly made in the image of God – was chosen for the role of traitor; he was not chosen, like the other 11, for eternal life.

To recap: as the believer walks with Jesus every day, Jesus washes her feet spiritually. In other words, the false moves, bad habits, puzzlements, impure reactions and routine mistakes that ensnare every believer walking through this world are dealt with by the Lord so that the believer can walk again tomorrow, whether in this world or the next.

Matthew 5:9
How wonderful for the peacemakers! They will be called God's children!
The born-again believer who proclaims the gospel of salvation is a peacemaker in the most fundamental sense. He is a son of God both in the sense of being one of God's real servants and in the sense of having being made part of God's true family.[BT.GH1]

Though certainly Jesus was extolling peace as something of high value, he is forecasting here what is soon to occur: his followers will start broadcasting the fantastically good news that God, via Jesus, will give his people rest from all their cares and troubles. Communities of true Christrians will have great peace even in the face of persecution.

Compare verse 5:9 with

Matthew 10:34-36
34 Don't think I am here to send peace on earth: I came not to send peace, but a sword.
35 For I come to set a man against his father, and the daughter against her mother, and the daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law.
36 And a man's foes will be those of his own household.
Also:

Luke 12:49
I came to throw fire onto the earth – and I strongly wish it already torched!
So on the one hand Jesus proclaims the excellence of being a peacemaker, which fits right in with the theme of the Sermon, and on the other he tells us he is quite the troublemaker.

The proper attitude is love for one another. Yet, the fire – the message of salvation – the Word of God – was already crackling, and the Holy Spirit was about to fall onto  the earth or onto "all flesh" – all sorts of people. The worldly will recoil at those who join up with Jesus. Families will make life difficult for those who do not play by the old rules. Society will do likewise, because the world, once it takes notice, sees true Christians as aliens who are intolerable to be around. [BT.3a*]

Jesus is being very serious.

Think about this saying:

Luke 14:26
If anyone [as an adult] comes to me, and does not hate his father, and mother, and wife, and children, and brothers, and sisters, yes, and his own life also, he cannot be my disciple. [BT.4i*],[BT.4ii*],[BT.4iii*],[BT.4iv*]
The word "hate" here does not imply ferocious rage against someone. It is like Abraham "hating" his son Isaac when he obeyed God and prepared to offer him as a sacrifice. Abraham loved his son. But he knew that obedience to God had to take precedence over his feelings. Faith in God was paramount. Jesus is saying that the real Christian must be so devoted to him that if his family turns against him, if his wife leaves him and his children are taken away, he is to stick with Jesus, to never let go – even if that means his own life. In fact, a person who submits fully to Jesus must, one way or another, die to self.

If he is like many of us, and finds that too tall an order, he is to keep asking God for help in the extinguishing of self. Never fear; that is one prayer God hears! It means God's will be done, no matter what I would like!

Matthew 5:10-12
10 How wonderful for those who are persecuted for the sake of righteousness. Theirs is heaven's kingdom!
11 How wonderful for you when, on account of me, people revile you, persecute you and falsely say all kinds of evil about you.
12 Rejoice and be extremely happy! Your heavenly reward is great. This is how the prophets were treated.
For I reckon that the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be revealed in us. Those words of Paul the Apostle in Romans 8:18 elicit little confidence among those who are still hiding from God, like Adam and Eve cringing among the trees in the garden. But once you have received Christ into your heart, you gain the courage of a lion. Like Jesus who unswervingly followed God's lead, nothing will deter you, nothing will dissuade you from following Jesus and telling others about him! You have all the courage you need. If, perhaps, you falter, that hesitancy won't last. As Peter said, "Who else can we go to? You have the words of eternal life" (John 6:68).

We need not give up when hounded and harassed for doing right, especially not if we are laboring to advance the message of salvation. Heaven is coming our way. Just as Stephen looked up into paradise to see Jesus' smiling face while murderous stones rained down, we can expect a similar reception as we persist in spite of cruel opposition, even if martyrdom is not our lot.

Yet, many of us do fear persecution [BT.5*] and are unwilling to receive the idea of one's own martyrdom. Why is that? Because our trust in Jesus is not all that it should be. We still cling to this life and its attractions. Granted, this life is to be lived – and lived more abundantly. But if we are not willing to die for Jesus, then we cannot be his true disciple. Hence, many who say they are disciples are not. They are double-minded, pulled between the devil and the deep blue sea, so to speak. When one is single-minded, able or at least willing, to surrender all and go flat-out for Jesus, then one is a disciple (=student).

Luke 14:33
So likewise, whosoever he be of you that forsaketh not all that he hath, he cannot be my disciple.
Yet, how many of us cannot even take a lesser level of persecution: shunning – as happened to the Jews who professed Jesus? They were shunned from synagogues and hence nearly all social and commercial life during the first century.

Here we have what the psychologist Thomas Szaz called "the dictatorship of the They," whereby most people worry about what "they" will think. Our acceptance by our social groups is so important that many of us are easily swayed by pressures to conform to group norms. Such group psychology is easily manipulated by clever people, as we know from history's sad record of demagoguery.

A committed Christian may face another common form of persecution, or abuse: being bypassed for promotion on the job. Executives tend to be more comfortable with people like themselves, avoiding all "Jesus freaks." If the Christian is the best qualified for the better-paying job, it is abusive to pass over him because of religious views. But it happens all the time.

Sometimes persecution comes in the form of temptation: a bribe in the form of a promotion or access to a cute "girlfriend" or "boyfriend." But, as Paul observes, such temptations are the human lot. [BT.6*] In any case, God always provides an escape route so that the improper offer does not overwhelm you. [BT.6*] If, however, you "romance" the tempting offer, then you are not availing yourself of the fire exit so as to escape the flames of desire.

The Christian is to be "in the world" – the system of humans dominated by Satan – but not "of the world" (John 17:16-27). He is supposed to be different, as coming verses show. Otherwise, he is like unsalty salt: Worthless. (See Matthew 5:13-16.)

The Christian is assured that, despite her troubles, her journey is worthwhile! All's well that ends well! (Romans 8:16-18). [BT.5*]

So when persecution strikes:

Whoopee! Now you can be sure that God chose you for a wonderful destiny! Plainly, when the unpleasantness hits, we are liable to wince, mutter, groan and complain. But we have nothing to complain about. We "asked for it," by siding with Jesus. And he won't give us – that is, born-again Christians – more than we can handle. After all, this persecution is for our own good -- whatever our adversaries intend.

(Further discussion of this topic is found here.)
.
Isaiah 2:4
And he shall judge among the nations, and shall rebuke many people: and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more.
Isaiah 9:6-7
6 For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.
7 Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end, upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it, and to establish it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even for ever. The zeal of the Lord of hosts will perform this.
Philippians 4:6-7
6 Be careful for nothing; but in every thing by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known unto God.
7 And the peace of God, which passeth all understanding, shall keep your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus.

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Mt. 5:13-20. Salt of the earth

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